Cisco VTP中繼協(xié)議配置實(shí)踐

Cisco VTP中繼協(xié)議配置實(shí)踐 1. VTP協(xié)議： VLAN中繼協(xié)議，VTP, VLAN TRUNKING PROTOCOL是CISCO專用協(xié)議，大多數(shù)交 換機(jī)都支持該協(xié)議。VTP負(fù)責(zé)在VTP域內(nèi)同步VLAN信息，這樣就不必在每個(gè)交換上配置 相同的VLAN信息。VTP還提供一種映射方案，以便通信流能跨越混合介質(zhì)的骨干。VTP 最重要的作用是，將進(jìn)行變動時(shí)可能會出現(xiàn)在的配置不一致性降至最低。不過，VTP也有 一些缺點(diǎn)，這些缺點(diǎn)通常都與生成樹協(xié)議有關(guān)。 知識點(diǎn)： VLAN中繼協(xié)議(VTP)利用第2層中繼幀，在一組交換機(jī)之間進(jìn)行VLAN通信.VTP從 一個(gè)中心控制點(diǎn)開始，維護(hù)整個(gè)企業(yè)網(wǎng)上VLAN的添加和重命名工作，確保配置的一致性。 2. 設(shè)計(jì)思路及需求： 1、 Cisco C3560配置成為VTP server并設(shè)置VTP管理域名稱CCTV 2、 Cisco C3560 創(chuàng)建三個(gè) VLAN(VLAN10 VLAN20 VLAN 30)并配置每個(gè) VLAN 動 態(tài)獲取IP 3、 Cisco C3650 分配三個(gè)端口 fa 0/1-3 設(shè)置為 trunk 4、 三臺 Cisco C2960 配置成為 VTP client 5、 C2960_01 分配 fa 0/1-5 給 VLAN 10，并設(shè)置 faO/24 端口為 trunk 6、 C2960_02 分配 fa 0/1-5 給 VLAN 20，并設(shè)置 fa0/24 端口為 trunk 7、 C2960_03 分配 fa 0/1-5 給 VLAN 30，并設(shè)置 fa0/24 端口為 trunk 3. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋱D： faO/1 faO/24 □ □ ：6D r 估0/2 feO/24 2960I24TT C296B_03 faO/1 PC-PT vlan30_dhcp fiaO/24 )_01 faO/1 2960I24TT C29 FOPT vlanl0_dh cp PC-PT vlan20_dhcp w 296DI24TT C2963_O2 faO/1 4.配置 (1) Cisco C3560 配置如下： ##設(shè)置VTP域名名稱及VTP Server C3560>e nable C3560#vla n database C3560(vla n)#vtp doma in CCTV C3560(vla n)#vtp server ##創(chuàng)建 VLAN 10 VLAN 20 VLAN 30 C3560(vla n)#vla n 10 n ame VLAN10 C3560(vlan)#vlan 20 name VLAN20 C3560(vlan)#vlan 30 name VLAN30 C3560(vla n)#exit ##VLAN配置IP地址 3560#c on figu re terminal C3560(co nfig)#i nter face vla n 10 C3560(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 C3560(c on fig-if)#exit C3560(co nfig)#i nter face vla n 20 C3560(c on fig-if)#ip add ress 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 C3560(c on fig-if)#exit C3560(co nfig)#i nter face vla n 30 C3560(c on fig-if)#ip add ress 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 C3560(c on fig-if)#exit ##配置DCHP C3560(c on fig)#se rvice dhcp C3560(config)#ip dhcp pool vlan10_dhcp C3560(dhcp-co nfig)# netwo rk 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 C3560(dhcp-co nfig)#default-route r 192.168.10.1 C3560(dhcp-c on fig)#d ns-se rver 114.114.114.114 C3560(dhcp-co nfig)#exit C3560(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.10 C3560(c on fig)#ip dhcp pool vla n20_dhcp C3560(dhcp-co nfig)# netwo rk 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 C3560(dhcp-co nfig)#default-route r 192.168.20.1 C3560(dhcp-c on fig)#d ns-se rver 114.114.114.114 C3560(dhcp-co nfig)#exit C3560(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.20.1 192.168.20.10 C3560(c on fig)#ip dhcp pool vla n30_dhcp C3560(dhcp-co nfig)# netwo rk 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 C3560(dhcp-co nfig)#default-route r 192.168.30.1 C3560(dhcp-c on fig)#d ns-se rver 114.114.114.114 C3560(dhcp-co nfig)#exit C3560(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.30.1 192.168.30.10 ##設(shè)置三個(gè)端口 fastEthernet 0/1-3 為 trunk 知識點(diǎn)：VLAN的封裝類型，目前有ISL和802.1q(dot1q)兩種協(xié)議，ISL是思科私有的 VLAN封裝協(xié)議，思科部分交換機(jī)支持ISL協(xié)議，使用該協(xié)議能提高VLAN傳輸性能。 C3560(c on fig)#i nter face range fastEthe rnet 0/1-3 C3560(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation ? dot1q Inter face uses only 802.1q trunking en capsulati on whe n trunking C3560(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q C3560(c on fig-if-ran ge)#switchpo rt mode trunk C3560(c on fig-if-ran ge)#exit ##開啟三層路由功能 C3560>e nable C3560#c on figu re terminal C3560(c on fig)#ip ro ut ing ##顯示與維護(hù) C3560#show runnin g-c onfig C3560#show vtp status (2) Cisco C296O_01 配置如下： ##設(shè)置VTP域名名稱及VTP Client C2960_01>e nable C2960_01#vla n database C2960_01(vla n)#vtp doma in CCTV C2960_01(vlan)#vtp client C2960_01(vla n)#exit ## 分配 fa0/1-5 端口給 VLAN 10 C2960_01#c on figu re te rminal C2960_01(co nfig)#i nte rface ran ge fastEthe rnet 0/1-5 C2960_01(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10 C2960_01(c on fig-if-ran ge)#switchpo rt mode access C2960_01(c on fig-if-ran ge)# no shutdow n C2960_01(c on fig-if-ran ge)#exit ## 設(shè)置 fa0/24 端口為 trunk C2960_01(co nfig)#i nte rface fastEthe rnet 0/24 C2960_01(c on fig-if)#switchp ort mode trunk C2960_01(c on fig-if)# no shutdow n C2960_01(c on fig-if)#exit ##顯示與維護(hù) C2960_01#show via n C2960_01#show runnin g-co nfig C2960_01#show vtp status (3) Cisco C2960_02 配置如下： ##設(shè)置VTP域名名稱及VTP Client C2960_02>e nable C2960_02#vla n database C2960_02(vla n)#vtp doma in CCTV C2960_02(vla n)#vtp clie nt C2960_02(vla n)#exit ## 分配 fa0/1-5 端口給 VLAN 10 C2960_02#c onfigure terminal C2960_02(c on fig)#i nte rface range fastEthe rnet 0/1-5 C2960_02(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10 C2960_02(c on fig-if-ran ge)#switchpo rt mode access C2960_02(c on fig-if-ran ge)# no shutdow n C2960_02(c on fig-if-ran ge)#exit ## 設(shè)置 fa0/24 端口為 trunk C2960_02(co nfig)#i nte rface fastEthe rnet 0/24 C2960_02(c on fig-if)#switchpo rt mode trunk C2960_02(c on fig-if)# no shutdow n C2960_02(c on fig-if)#exit ##顯示與維護(hù) C2960_02#show via n C2960_02#show runnin g-c onfig C2960_01#show vtp status (4) Cisco C296O_03 配置如下： ##設(shè)置VTP域名名稱及VTP Client C2960_03>e nable C2960_03#vla n database C2960_03(vla n)#vtp doma in CCTV C2960_03(vla n)#vtp clie nt C2960_03(vla n)#exit ## 分配 fa0/1-5 端口給 VLAN 10 C2960_03#c onfigure terminal C2960_03(c on fig)#i nte rface range fastEthe rnet 0/1-5 C2960_03(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10 C2960_03(c on fig-if-ran ge)#switchpo rt mode access C2960_03(c on fig-if-ran ge)# no shutdow n C2960_03(c on fig-if-ran ge)#exit ## 設(shè)置 fa0/24 端口為 trunk C2960_03(co nfig)#i nte rface fastEthe rnet 0/24 C2960_03(c on fig-if)#switchpo rt mode trunk C2960_03(c on fig-if)# no shutdow n C2960_03(co nfig-if)#exit ##顯示與維護(hù) C2960_03#show vla n C2960_03#show runnin g-c onfig C2960_03#show vtp status