2章選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念

Click to edit Master title style,,Click to edit Master text styles,,Second level,,Third level,,Fourth level,,Fifth level,,*,,*,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級,,第三級,,第四級,,第五級,,*,,*,,,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級,,第三級,,第四級,,第五級,,,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級,,第三級,,第四級,,第五級,,,,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級,,第三級,,第四級,,第五級,,,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),選煤最優(yōu)化理論,選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤輔助工藝指標(biāo),,[,教學(xué)要點,],第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),數(shù)量指標(biāo)一般用單位處理量或入選效率表示。,一、原煤的數(shù)量指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,單位處理量,,入選效率,,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),通過對原煤質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的分析，可以了解原煤對選煤工藝和選煤效果的影響情況,二、原煤的質(zhì)量指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,粒度組成,含矸率,浮沉組成,可選性,,,含硫量,碎選性,浸碎性,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),（一）原煤的粒度組成,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,相關(guān)概念：,限下率：,篩上物中小于要求粒度的物料占篩上物重量百分?jǐn)?shù)。,限上率：,篩下物中大于要求粒度的物料占篩下物重量的百分?jǐn)?shù)。,粒度組成：各粒級物料的,質(zhì)量,分布。,原煤的粒度組成通過,篩分實驗,確定。,粒度組成對選煤工藝流程、分選效果等均有影響。,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),（二）含矸率,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,影響產(chǎn)品數(shù)量、降低產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、對設(shè)備造成損害等。,篩分實驗中,+50mm,矸石含量。,,浮沉實驗中,+1.8kg/L,的含量。,判別依據(jù)：,原煤篩分組成綜合表,,,,,,,粒級,/mm,產(chǎn)物名稱,,占全樣,/%,灰分,/%,篩上累計,,,,,,,產(chǎn)率,/%,灰分,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,>100,手 選,煤,3.83,30.92,3.83,30.92,,,夾矸煤,0.30,31.85,0.30,31.85,,,矸石,0.33,88.76,0.33,88.76,,,小計,4.46,35.24,4.46,35.24,100,～,50,手 選,煤,6.92,30.14,10.75,30.42,,,夾矸煤,0.27,32.91,0.58,32.35,,,矸石,0.37,73.32,0.69,80.62,,,小計,7.56,32.33,12.02,33.41,>50,合計,,,12.02,33.41,12.02,33.41,50,～,25,煤,,10.50,33.21,22.52,33.32,25,～,13,煤,,12.82,30.13,35.34,32.16,13,～,6,煤,,12.76,28.70,48.11,31.24,6,～,3,煤,,17.58,24.50,65.69,29.44,3,～,0.5,煤,,22.48,21.19,88.16,27.33,0.5,～,0,煤,,11.84,20.15,100.00,26.48,50,～,0,合計,,,87.98,25.54,,,毛煤總計,,,100.00,26.48,,,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),（三）原煤的浮沉組成,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,原煤密度組成的變化，直接影響精煤產(chǎn)率、質(zhì)量和選后產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)。,密度組成,:,各密度級的質(zhì)量分布。,,密度組成通過浮沉實驗確定。,(a),浮沉試驗進(jìn)行程序,(b),漏桶盛煤樣浸入重液容器示意圖。,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),（四）原煤的可選性,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,劃分原煤可選性等級的方法：,,1,、全中煤含量法,,2,、,CH,比值法,,3,、,δ,p±0.1,法,,可選性與產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量要求、選煤方法和原煤本身的特性有關(guān)。,第一節(jié) 原煤的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,（五）原煤硫含量,（六）碎選性,（七）浸碎性,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,概述：,選煤產(chǎn)品的,數(shù)量指標(biāo),：,產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)率、選煤效率。,選煤產(chǎn)品的,質(zhì)量指標(biāo),：,灰分、硫分、發(fā)熱量、揮發(fā)分、膠質(zhì)層厚度等，一般指,灰分,。,（一）產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量,,產(chǎn)量可通過實測計量或計算得到。但一般通過公式計算得到，即,一、選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,（二）選煤效率,選煤生產(chǎn)工藝效果的評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,選煤產(chǎn)品的理論產(chǎn)率,選煤產(chǎn)品的實際產(chǎn)率,計量法,計算法,密度,δ,，,kg/L,灰分，,%,計算法,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,兩產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率計算,三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率計算,,兩產(chǎn)品平衡計算法,(,數(shù)質(zhì)量平衡法）,,二產(chǎn)品最小二乘法（格氏法）,三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率平衡計算法（污染指標(biāo)法）,,三產(chǎn)品的實際產(chǎn)率最小二乘法（格氏法）,兩產(chǎn)品平衡計算法,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,據(jù)選煤流程數(shù)質(zhì)量平衡原則：,,,,,,入料,γ,0,Α,d0,精煤,γ,j,A,d1,矸石,γ,g,A,d2,,,,,由上式得：,兩產(chǎn)品平衡計算法,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,入料,γ,0,Α,d0,精煤,γ,j,A,d1,矸石,γ,g,A,d2,,,,,,由于選煤過程中存在著浸碎、破碎、磨碎等因素，使產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量發(fā)生一定的變化，即,,兩產(chǎn)品最小二乘法（格氏法）,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,,,,,基本原理,：使誤差,Δ,最小。,假設(shè)：二產(chǎn)品中同密度級含量為,J,、,Z,，該密度級總量為,Y,，即有：,,由于存在實際誤差,Δ,,，因此有：,,兩產(chǎn)品最小二乘法（格氏法）,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,,,,,,將 代入,,根據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)求極限的原理知，當(dāng)一階導(dǎo)數(shù)等于,0,，二階導(dǎo)數(shù)大于,0,時，得到：,,三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率平衡計算法（污染指標(biāo)法）,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,,,,,,,,基本原理：,根據(jù)數(shù)質(zhì)量平衡原則，原煤中某一密度級的量應(yīng)等于各產(chǎn)品同一密度級量之和。,組成,原煤,精煤,中煤,矸石,浮煤,A,A,j,A,z,A,g,中煤,B,B,j,B,z,B,g,沉矸,C,C,j,C,z,C,g,合計,100,100,100,100,表,2-4,原煤及各產(chǎn)品污染指標(biāo),入料,γ,0,,精煤,γ,j,中煤,γ,z,矸石,γ,g,三產(chǎn)品分選作業(yè)流程,三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率平衡計算法（污染指標(biāo)法）,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,,,,,,,,建立方程：,,解三聯(lián)方程得：,,三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率平衡計算法（污染指標(biāo)法）,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,說明：從理論上講，分選前后任意一個密度級都存在著上述平衡關(guān)系，因而用任一密度級計算產(chǎn)率都應(yīng)該是準(zhǔn)確。實際上采制樣有誤差，分選過程中要產(chǎn)生不同程度的破碎和泥化現(xiàn)象。,因此，要選取誤差比較小的以及分選前后變化不大的密度級作為計算依據(jù)。,,一般情況下，,-1.5,（,-1.4,）或,+1.8,密度級在分選前后變化較小。,,三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率格氏計算法,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,用格氏法計算三產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)率的方法與兩產(chǎn)品相同。,,利用求極值的方法尋找,γ,j,、,γ,z,和,γ,g,，即得,,,,,一、選煤機(jī)生產(chǎn)效果的計算實例,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,某選煤廠對主洗機(jī)進(jìn)行單機(jī)測試，試驗過程的原煤及產(chǎn)品的浮沉組成如表,2-5,和表,2-6,所示，,實際精煤灰分為,11.5%,。,試求該主洗機(jī)的選煤效率。,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,項目,,密度級,,(Kg,·,L,-1,),原煤,/,%,精煤,/,%,中煤,/,%,矸石,/,%,,Y,J,Z,G,﹣,1.3,11.19,25.94,1.73,0,1.3,～,1.4,36.02,59.57,16.63,1.50,1.4,～,1.5,13.54,10.41,19.09,0.99,1.5,～,1.6,7.73,2.61,14.54,1.19,1.6,～,1.8,8.12,1.20,21.10,4.01,﹢,1.8,23.40,0.27,26.91,92.31,合計,100.00,100.00,100.00,100.00,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,表,2-6,主洗入料浮沉試驗綜合表,密度級,/,,Kg/L,產(chǎn)率,/%,,γ,灰分,/%,,A,d,浮物累計,/%,,沉物累計,/%,,鄰近密度物,/%,,,,,γ,A,d,γ,A,d,δ,γ,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,﹣,1.3,11.19,2.27,11.19,6.37,100.00,28.35,1.3,47.21,1.3～1.4,36.02,7.48,47.21,6.27,88.81,31.62,1.4,49.56,1.4～1.5,13.54,18.53,60.75,9.00,52.79,48.09,1.5,21.27,1.5～1.6,7.73,30.30,68.48,11.41,39.25,58.29,1.6,,1.6～1.8,8.12,39.99,76.60,14.44,31.52,65.15,1.7,10.60,﹢,1.8,23.40,73.88,100.00,28.35,23.40,73.88,,,小計,100.00,28.35,,,,,,,去煤泥,98.37,28.35,,,,,,,煤泥,1.63,29.11,,,,,,,總計,100.00,28.36,,,,,,,二、選煤機(jī)生產(chǎn)效果的計算實例,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,實例求解過程：,1,、查理論產(chǎn)率,（,1,）編制主選入料浮沉試驗綜合表；,（,2,）繪制原煤可選性曲線；,（,3,）查得精煤理論產(chǎn)率。,,,,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,2.,計算精煤實際產(chǎn)率,每小時斗子數(shù),,每個斗子重量,/kg,含水量,M,Q,/%,每小時產(chǎn)量,/t,·,h,-1,精煤斗子,1237,66.0,30.20,57.0,中煤斗子,1500,30.3,10.60,40.6,矸石斗子,1500,19.4,10.20,26.1,表,2-7,產(chǎn)品實測記錄表,,表,2-7,產(chǎn)品實測記錄,1,） 計量法,,,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,1,）,,計量法求精煤實際產(chǎn)率,同理求得：,,γ,j,= 46.08%,，,γ,z,=32.82%,，,γ,g,=21.10%,表,2-7,產(chǎn)品實測記錄表,,原煤的實測計算是以緩沖倉為測試對象，緩沖倉裝煤,40t,，洗完所用時間,956s,，原煤水分為,7%,40,÷,956,×,3600,×,(1-7%)= l40t/h,。,140-,（,57.0+40.6+26.1,）,=16.3t/h,。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,2,）三產(chǎn)品平衡法計算實際產(chǎn)率（污染指標(biāo)法）,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,2,）三產(chǎn)品平衡法計算實際產(chǎn)率（污染指標(biāo)法）,項目,按密度級,1.4～1.8劃分,A、B、C,,,,按密度級,1.5～1.8劃分,A、B、C,,,,產(chǎn)品,原煤,精煤,中煤,矸石,原煤,精煤,中煤,矸石,凈煤,A,,47.21,A,1,,85.51,A,2,,18.36,A,3,,1.50,A,,60.75,A,1,,95.92,A,2,,37.45,A,3,,2.49,夾矸煤,B,,29.39,B,1,,14.22,B,2,,54.73,B,3,,6.19,15.85,3.81,35.64,5.20,矸石,C,,23.40,C,1,,0.27,C,2,,26.91,C,3,,92.31,23.40,0.27,26.91,92.31,合計,100.00,100.00,100.00,100.00,100.00,100.00,100.00,100.00,表,2-8,原煤及產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,2,）三產(chǎn)品平衡法計算實際產(chǎn)率（污染指標(biāo)法）,按密度級,1.4,～,l.8,區(qū)分：,按密度級,1.5,～,l.8,區(qū)分：,？,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,3,）格氏法計算三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率,項目,,密度,/,,kg.L,-1,原煤及產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,,,,Y-G,J-G,Z-G,（,J-G）,2,（,J-G）,×,,（,Z-G）,（,J-G）,×,,（,Y-G）,（,Z-G）,2,（,Z-G）,×,,（,Y-G）,,原煤,,Y/%,精煤,,J/%,中煤,,Z/%,矸石,,G/%,,,,,,,,,序號,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,﹣,1.3,11.19,25.94,1.73,0,11.19,25.94,1.73,672.90,44.90,290.30,3.00,19.40,1.3～1.4,36.02,59.57,16.63,1.50,34.52,58.07,15.13,3372.1,878.60,2004.60,228.90,522.30,1.4～1.5,13.54,10.41,19.09,0.99,12.55,9.42,18.10,88.70,170.50,118.20,327.60,227.20,1.5～1.6,7.73,2.61,14.54,1.19,6.54,1.42,13.35,2.00,19.00,9.30,178.20,87.30,1.6～1.8,8.12,1.29,21.10,4.01,4.11,-2.81,17.09,7.90,-48.00,-11.50,292.10,70.20,﹢,1.8,23.40,0.27,26.91,92.31,-68.91,-92.04,-65.04,8471.40,6019.40,6342.50,4277.20,4506.70,合計,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,,,,12615.00,7084.40,8753.40,5307.00,5433.10,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,3,）格氏法計算三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率,,根據(jù)表,2-9,，按格氏法公式進(jìn)行計算，得：,,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,3.,比較確定最佳實際產(chǎn)率,,,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,對計算測量結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，確定最佳實際產(chǎn)率。將計算結(jié)果綜合，填入表,2-10,，進(jìn)行判別比較，確定最佳實際產(chǎn)率。,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,3.,比較確定最佳實際產(chǎn)率,,,計算方法,,項目,原煤,,（實測）,計算法,,（實 測）,格氏法,三產(chǎn)品平衡計算法,,密度（,1.4～1.8）,三產(chǎn)品平衡計算法,,密度（,1.5～1.8）,精煤產(chǎn)率,/%,100,46.08,47.52,46.36,48.44,中煤產(chǎn)率,/%,,32.82,38.94,40.13,37.19,矸石產(chǎn)率,/%,,21.10,13.54,13.51,14.37,原煤與產(chǎn)品加權(quán)平均灰分,A,d,/%,28.35,32.47,29.11,29.43,29.17,灰分誤差,/%,——,4.12,0.76,1.08,0.82,+1.8密度物含量/%,23.40,28.43,23.11,23.40,23.40,+1.8密度物含量誤差/%,——,5.03,-0.29,0,0,備,注,——,誤差最大,誤差小,誤差小,誤差最小,表,2-10,各種實際產(chǎn)率計算方法判別比較,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,4.,比較確定最佳實際產(chǎn)率,,,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,從表,2-10,可以看出，三產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率的計算以三產(chǎn)品平衡計算中按密度,1.5,～,1.8,劃分浮煤、中間煤、沉矸的計算方法最正確，因此以此計算結(jié)果作為最終結(jié)果，即：,,γj = 48.44%,，,,γz =37.19%,，,,γg =14.37%,。,二、選煤機(jī)生產(chǎn)效果的計算實例,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,表,2-5,原煤及主洗產(chǎn)品浮沉組成,實例求解過程：,3,、計算數(shù)量效率,,根據(jù)選煤效率計算公式進(jìn)行計算：,二、選煤機(jī)生產(chǎn)效果的計算實例,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,實例求解過程：,4,、分析,,從選煤數(shù)量效率計算結(jié)果可以看出，該主選機(jī)的選煤效率較低，應(yīng)采取其他措施，如增設(shè)再選機(jī)等方法提高總精煤產(chǎn)率。,三、選煤產(chǎn)品的折合產(chǎn)率計算,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,所謂,折合產(chǎn)率,就是將選煤產(chǎn)品的精煤、中煤、矸石、尾煤按其銷售價格，折算成精煤后的總精煤產(chǎn)率。,其計算式為：,,折合產(chǎn)率的計算公式客觀上把影響選煤廠經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的各要點都聯(lián)系到了一起。,56.91,四、選煤產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的確定,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,（一）煉焦煤灰分指標(biāo)的確定,產(chǎn)量指標(biāo)的確定由選煤產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量指標(biāo)所決定。,（,1,）按用戶要求,:,,精煤灰分增加→焦炭的灰分增加→焦比增加，同時焦炭中含硫量、含磷量也增加，導(dǎo)致鋼鐵的脆性增加。,（,2,）按煤炭資源的賦存及利用要求；,（,3,）按選煤生產(chǎn)成本要求。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,表,2-11,精煤灰分增加,1%,后煉焦結(jié)果表,精煤灰分,/%,精煤產(chǎn)率,/%,精煤產(chǎn)量,/t,相應(yīng)焦炭量,/t,焦炭灰分,/%,A,dj,γ,j,γ,j,·,Q,0.75,γ,j,·,Q,1.33A,dj,A,dj,+1%,γ,j,+,Δ,γ,j,(,γ,j,+,Δ,γ,j,),·,Q,0.75(,γ,j,+,Δ,γ,j,),·,Q,1.33（A,dj,+1%）,由于精煤灰分增加→焦炭的灰分增加→焦比增加，為了使焦比增加的損失小于焦炭產(chǎn)量增加的利益，應(yīng)有：,,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,，即,空耗定灰點；,故：,虧空定灰點；,盈余定灰點；,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,分析結(jié)論：,,,，即,（,1,）精煤灰分增加,1%,，而精煤產(chǎn)率增加,3.55%,，則增加的,3.55%,的精煤產(chǎn)率剛好用來彌補(bǔ)焦炭灰分增加后的焦比的增量；,（,2,）當(dāng)精煤灰分增加,1%,，而精煤產(chǎn)率的增加小于,3.55%,時，表明增加的精煤量無法抵掉焦比增耗；,（,3,）當(dāng)精煤灰分增加,1%,，而精煤產(chǎn)率增加大于,3.55%,時，則增加的精煤量不僅能夠抵消掉焦比增加所引起的消耗，而且還有盈余。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,,,合理定灰點的確定：,（,1,）合理定灰點的確定應(yīng)保證有,2/3,～,1/2,被空耗，,1/3,～,1/2,能起到能源作用。,（,3,）跳汰選煤，其選煤效率一般為,80%,，則合理定灰點為：,（,5.33,～,7.1,）,%/80%=7.0%,～,9.0%,（,4,）重介質(zhì)選煤，其一般效率為,90%,，則合理定灰點為：,（,5.33,～,7.1,）,%/90%=6.0%,～,8.0%,（,2,）合理定灰點為：,3.55×,（,1.5~2.0,）,%=5.33%,～,7.10%,四、選煤產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的確定,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,（二）按最佳經(jīng)濟(jì)效益原則合理確定選煤產(chǎn)品的灰分質(zhì)量指標(biāo),1,、精煤灰分與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的關(guān)系,,1,）生產(chǎn)成本（,C,）,2,）利,,3,）稅,,,利、稅與生產(chǎn)成本關(guān)系：,J=T-C,,噸原煤的利稅,：,J,0,=T,0,-C,0,=P,k,γ,折,-,（,P,0,+S,）,據(jù)此最終確定精煤灰分點，獲得最大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,第二節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo),,,,2,、合理定灰點的步驟,1,）根據(jù)不同的分選密度，計算各產(chǎn)品的篩分浮沉組成和精煤灰分。,,2,）根據(jù)不同的精煤灰分，找出相應(yīng)的各產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)率。,,3,）根據(jù)不同的精煤灰分和相應(yīng)的價格，計算相應(yīng)精煤折合產(chǎn)率。,,4,）根據(jù)不同的精煤灰分，計算各產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)值。,,5,）計算不同的精煤灰分時對應(yīng)的銷售收入。,,6,）將計算結(jié)果列精煤灰分及對應(yīng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益表及精煤灰分及技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益對照表。,,7,）繪制精煤質(zhì)量及技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)關(guān)系圖：,精煤產(chǎn)品曲線、產(chǎn)品總折合產(chǎn)率曲線、銷售收入曲線、成本曲線及利稅曲線。,,8,）根據(jù)最大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益原則合理定灰分點。,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,概述：,最優(yōu)化理論：,最佳經(jīng)濟(jì)效益原則,最大產(chǎn)率原則,最大產(chǎn)率原則應(yīng)用實例,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,（一）最大產(chǎn)率原則,所謂,最大產(chǎn)率原則,，或,最大回收率原則,，即,等,λ,原則,，也就是說當(dāng)從兩種或兩種以上的煤中選出一定質(zhì)量的綜合精煤時，,必須按相等的邊界灰分分選，才能使綜合精煤的產(chǎn)率最大,。,邊界灰分可由原煤可選性曲線獲得。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,按等,λ,原則分選的含義是：,灰分低于基元灰分,A,λ,的物料全部進(jìn)入精煤，高于,A,λ,的物料全部進(jìn)入重產(chǎn)物。,例如按,A,λ,=18%,分選，那么各個分選作業(yè)灰分小于,18%,的煤全部進(jìn)入精煤，大于,18%,的煤全部進(jìn)入重產(chǎn)物，此時總精煤的產(chǎn)率最大。,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,（二）最大產(chǎn)率原則的應(yīng)用,（,1,）,確定兩種或兩種以上的煤是否可以混合入選，混合入選時最合理的理論分選條件和選后產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo)；不能混合選時對各自最合理的理論分選條件和選后產(chǎn)品的數(shù)質(zhì)量指標(biāo)。,（,2,）,當(dāng)幾種選煤方法聯(lián)合使用時，確定各種選煤方法最合理的理論分選條件和選后產(chǎn)品的理論指標(biāo)。,（,3,）,用一種選煤機(jī)械聯(lián)合使用時，確定各自的理論分選條件和選后產(chǎn)品理論指標(biāo)。,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,（二）最大產(chǎn)率原則的應(yīng)用,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,【,例,2-2】,,甲乙兩礦原煤（,50~0.5,）的浮沉組成見表,2-12,，表,2-13,，表,2-14,。,試確定其混合選時最合理的工藝指標(biāo)。如不能混合選，確定其不能混合選時的工藝指標(biāo)。,,（已知其理論精煤灰分為,12.0%,，其中甲、乙兩礦各占,50%,）,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-12,甲礦,50-0.5mm,原煤浮沉組成資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度,,δ,/kg,·,L,-1,占本級,,T/%,占全樣,,γ,/%,灰分,,A,d,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,-1.3,1.21,0.96,3.53,1.21,3.53,100.00,29.36,1.3～1.4,32.16,25.42,9.21,33.37,9.00,98.79,29.68,1.4～1.5,23.88,18.87,15.55,57.25,11.73,66.63,39.56,1.5～1.6,6.17,4.88,25.34,63.42,13.06,42.75,52.97,1.6～1.8,5.81,4.59,36.44,69.23,15.02,36.58,57.63,+1.8,30.77,24.32,61.63,100.00,29.36,30.77,61.63,小計占煤泥,100.00,79.04,29.36,,,,,小計帶煤泥,93.23,——,,,,,,煤泥,6.77,5.74,,,,,,總計,100.0,84.78,,,,,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-13,乙礦,50-0.5mm,原煤浮沉組成資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度,,δ,/kg,·,L,-1,占本級,,T/%,占全樣,,γ,/%,灰分,,A,d,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,-1.3,1.88,1.50,4.14,1.88,4.14,100.00,26.67,1.3～1.4,29.86,23.79,9.39,31.77,9.08,98.12,27.10,1.4～1.5,27.14,21.51,16.81,58.88,12.64,68.26,34.85,1.5～1.6,11.62,9.26,25.88,70.50,14.82,41.12,46.76,1.6～1.8,9.34,7.44,35.53,79.84,17.25,29.50,54.98,+1.8,20.16,16.06,63.99,100.00,26.67,20.16,63.99,小計占煤泥,100.00,79.65,26.67,,,,,小計帶煤泥,97.05,——,,,,,,煤泥,2.95,2.42,22.93,,,,,總計,100.0,82.08,26.56,,,,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-14,甲乙兩礦,50-0.5mm,混合原煤浮沉組成資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度,,δ,/kg,·,L,-1,甲礦,,乙礦,,混合煤,,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,-1.3,1.21,3.53,1.88,4.14,1.54,3.90,1.54,3.90,100.00,28.02,13.,～,1.4,32.16,9.21,29.86,9.39,31.01,9.30,32.55,9.04,98.46,28.39,1.4,～,1.5,23.88,15.55,27.14,16.81,25.51,16.22,58.06,12.20,67.45,37.17,1.5,～,1.6,6.17,25.34,11.62,25.88,8.90,25.69,66.96,13.99,41.94,49.91,1.6,～,1.8,5.81,36.44,9.34,35.53,7.58,35.88,74.54,16.22,33.04,56.44,+1.8,30.77,61.63,20.16,63.99,25.46,62.56,100.00,28.02,25.46,62.56,小計,100.00,29.36,100.00,26.67,100.00,28.02,,,,,,,甲、乙兩礦混合煤的可選性曲線,,,甲礦可選性曲線,,,乙礦可選性曲線,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,（二）最大產(chǎn)率原則的應(yīng)用,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,【,例,2-4】,某礦,50,～,0.5mm,和,0.5,～,0mm,的原煤浮沉組成如表,2-15,所示 。,,試確定在精煤灰分為,12.5%,時，,50-0.5mm,用跳汰選、,0.5-0mm,用浮選時各自的理論分選指標(biāo)。,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-15,某廠入洗原煤,50-0.5mm,和,0.5-0mm,統(tǒng)計表,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,粒度,/mm,50～0,,50～0.5,,0.5～0,,密度級,/kg,·,L,-1,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,-1.3,11.72,4.36,9.91,4.69,1.80,2.56,1.3～1.4,24.43,11.71,18.74,13.54,5.69,5.69,1.4～1.5,13.04,21.95,10.40,23.30,2.64,14.21,1.5～1.6,6.63,32.11,5.26,34.32,1.37,23.64,1.6～1.8,9.22,45.30,7.91,46.82,1.31,31.14,+1.8,34.97,74.44,31.33,75.05,3.64,69.53,合計,100.00,38.51,83.55,41.22,16.45,24.36,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-18 50,～,0mm,原煤浮沉資料綜合表,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度級,/kg,·,L,-1,產(chǎn)率,/%,灰分,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,-1.3,11.71,4.36,11.71,4.36,100.00,38.57,1.3～1.4,24.43,11.71,36.14,9.33,88.29,43.11,1.4～1.5,13.04,21.95,49.18,12.68,63.86,55.12,1.5～1.6,6.63,32.11,55.81,14.98,50.82,63.63,1.6～1.8,9.22,45.30,65.03,19.28,44.19,68.36,+1.8,34.97,74.44,100.00,38.57,34.97,74.44,合計,100.00,38.51,,,,,,,50-0mm,原煤的可選性曲線,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-17 50,～,0.5mm,入廠煤浮沉資料綜合表,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度級,/kg,·,L,-1,占本級,/%,占全樣,/%,灰分,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,-1.3,11.86,9.91,4.69,11.86,4.69,100.00,41.22,1.3～1.4,22.43,18.74,13.54,34.29,10.48,88.14,46.14,1.4～1.5,12.45,10.40,23.30,46.74,13.89,65.71,57.27,1.5～1.6,6.30,5.26,34.32,53.04,16.32,53.26,65.21,1.6～1.8,9.47,7.91,46.82,62.51,20.94,46.96,69.36,+1.8,37.49,31.33,75.05,100.00,41.22,37.49,75.05,合計,100.00,83.55,41.22,,,,,,,50-0.5mm,原煤的可選性曲線,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-16 0.5,～,0mm,入廠原煤浮沉資料綜合表,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度級,/kg,·,L,-1,占本級,/%,占全樣,/%,灰分,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,-1.3,10.94,7.80,2.56,10.94,2.56,100.00,24.36,1.3～1.4,34.59,5.69,5.69,45.53,4.94,89.06,27.04,1.4～1.5,16.05,2.64,14.21,61.58,7.35,54.47,40.60,1.5～1.6,8.33,1.37,23.64,69.91,9.30,38.42,51.63,1.6～1.8,7.96,1.31,31.14,77.87,11.53,30.09,59.37,+1.8,22.13,3.64,69.53,100.00,24.36,22.13,69.53,合計,100.00,16.45,24.36,,,,,,,0.5-0mm,原煤的可選性曲線,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,（二）最大產(chǎn)率原則的應(yīng)用,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,【,例,2-4】,,某洗選廠入洗原煤,50,～,13mm,和,13,～,0.5mm,級原煤浮沉資料如表,2-19,、表,2-20,所示。其中,50,～,13mm,占,30.99%,13,～,0.5mm,占,53.35%,。,試確定其是否能進(jìn)行混合入洗。如能入洗則確定混合時的理論工藝指標(biāo)；如不能混合入選，則確定其分級洗選時各自的理論工藝指標(biāo)，其中精煤灰分要求,10%,。,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-19 50,～,13mm,入洗原煤篩分浮沉資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度,/kg,·,L,-1,產(chǎn)率,/%,灰分,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,-1.3,6.45,7.15,6.45,7.15,100.00,39.75,1.3,～,1.4,41.44,9.33,47.89,9.04,93.55,42.00,1.4,～,1.5,7.60,17.95,55.49,10.26,52.11,67.98,1.5,～,1.6,3.23,27.83,58.72,11.22,44.51,76.53,1.6,～,1.8,3.12,38.73,61.84,12.61,41.28,80.34,+1.8,38.16,83.74,100.00,39.75,38.16,83.74,合計,100.00,39.75,,,,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-20 13,～,0.5mm,入洗原煤篩分浮沉資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度,/kg,·,L,-1,產(chǎn)率,/%,灰分,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,-1.3,17.22,5.18,17.27,5.18,100.00,22.93,1.3,～,1.4,44.62,8.67,61.57,7.70,82.73,26.64,1.4,～,1.5,11.68,18.02,73.57,9.34,38.11,47.68,1.5,～,1.6,5.52,26.92,79.09,10.56,26.43,60.79,1.6,～,1.8,5.24,38.56,84.33,12.30,20.91,69.74,+1.8,15.67,80.16,100.00,22.93,15.67,80.16,合計,100.00,22.93,,,,,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-21 50,～,0.5mm,綜合原煤浮沉資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度級,,δ,/kg,·,L,-1,50～13,,,13～0.5,,,50～0.5,,,,T/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,T/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,T/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,-1.3,6.45,2.00,7.15,17.27,9.21,5.18,13.29,11.21,5.53,1.3～1.4,41.44,12.84,9.33,44.26,23.80,8.67,43.45,36.64,8.90,1.4～1.5,7.60,2.36,11.95,11.68,6.23,18.62,10.45,8.59,18.00,1.5～1.6,3.23,1.10,27.83,5.52,2.95,26.92,4.68,3.95,27.15,1.6～1.8,3.12,0.97,38.73,5.24,2.80,38.56,4.47,3.77,38.60,+1.8,38.16,11.82,83.74,15.67,8.36,80.16,23.93,20.18,82.26,合計,100,30.99,39.75,100,53.35,22.93,100,84.34,29.11,第三節(jié) 選煤最優(yōu)化理論,,,表,2-22 50,～,0.5mm,入洗原煤浮沉資料,選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,密度級,/kg,·,L,-1,產(chǎn)率,/%,灰分,/%,浮物累計,,沉物累計,,,,,γ,/%,A,d,/%,γ,/%,A,d,/%,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,-1.3,13.29,5.53,13.29,5.53,100.00,29.11,1.3,～,1.4,43.45,8.90,56.74,8.11,86.71,32.73,1.4,～,1.5,10.18,18.00,66.02,9.62,43.26,56.66,1.5,～,1.6,4.68,27.15,71.60,10.76,33.08,68.56,1.6,～,1.8,4.47,38.60,76.07,12.40,28.40,75.39,+1.8,23.93,82.26,100.00,29.11,23.93,82.26,合計,100,29.11,,,,,,,50-0.5mm,原煤的可選性曲線,,,50-13mm,原煤的可選性曲線,,,50-13mm,原煤的可選性曲線,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,概述：,,選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo)：,分配曲線和可能偏差,E,錯配物曲線和錯配物含量,,分選機(jī)單機(jī)檢查實例,,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,分配曲線,,,物料在分選機(jī)中,理想的分選結(jié)果,是：,一切密度大于分選密度的高密度物料應(yīng)百分百地分配到重產(chǎn)物中去；,一切密度小于分選密度的低密度物料應(yīng)百分百地分配到輕產(chǎn)物中去。,實際中,較好的分選結(jié)果是：,高密度物料大部分進(jìn)入重產(chǎn)物，小部分進(jìn)入輕產(chǎn)物；,低密度物料大部分進(jìn)入輕產(chǎn)物，小部分進(jìn)入重產(chǎn)物。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,分配曲線,,,在分選過程中，把原料中某個密度級別,進(jìn)入到重產(chǎn)物,中去的數(shù)量占原料中該密度級別,的百分?jǐn)?shù),稱為該密度級別,在重產(chǎn)物中的分配率,；這個密度級別,進(jìn)入到輕產(chǎn)物,中去的數(shù)量占原料中該級別,的百分?jǐn)?shù),，稱為該密度級別,在輕產(chǎn)物的分配率,。,習(xí)慣上常用,重產(chǎn)物分配率,，即某個密度級別在分選過程中落入,重產(chǎn)物,中去的概率。例如分配率為,70,％時，就意味著該密度級在分選機(jī)中有,70,％的可能性或,70,％的機(jī)會將進(jìn)入重產(chǎn)物中去。,重選分選結(jié)果服從,數(shù)理統(tǒng)計規(guī)律。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,分配曲線,,,在生產(chǎn)、科研實踐中，可以根據(jù)技術(shù)檢查資料計算出每個密度級在重產(chǎn)物,(,或輕產(chǎn)物,),中的分配率，以密度級別的平均,密度值為橫坐標(biāo),，,分配率為縱坐標(biāo),，將資料中各密度級別的相應(yīng)數(shù)值標(biāo)在坐標(biāo)系中，將各點連成曲線，該曲線稱為,分配曲線,。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,可能偏差,E,和不完善度,I,,,一般用于重介質(zhì)分選,一般只用于水介質(zhì)分選,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,可能偏差,E,和不完善度,I,,可能偏差或不完善度可以代表分配曲線的傾斜程度，能形象地表明分選效率的高低。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,錯配物與錯配物曲線,,,,所謂錯配物是指混雜到重產(chǎn)品中的低密度物和混入到輕產(chǎn)品的高密度物，即低密度物在重產(chǎn)品的損失量和高密度物對輕產(chǎn)品污染量。,,錯配物曲線由損失曲線和污染曲線組成。,污染曲線與損失曲線的交點即為等誤密度點。,分配密度對應(yīng)的總錯配物含量最小。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,,例,2-5,,某選煤廠某臺跳汰機(jī)分選效果單機(jī)檢查資料的計算分析。,,跳汰機(jī)入料和產(chǎn)品密度組成情況見表,2-23,，現(xiàn)評定分選效果。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,表,2,－,23,入料和產(chǎn)品密度組成分析,密度,/kg?L,－,1,入料,,精煤,,中煤,,矸石,,,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分,,/%,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分,,/%,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分,,/%,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分,,/%,（,1）,（,2）,（,3）,（,4）,（,5）,（,6）,（,7）,（,8）,（,9）,－,1.30,19.61,4.83,32.29,6.77,13.99,8.20,0.04,8.00,1.30～1.40,38.45,10.14,63.88,7.25,27.99,10.20,0.08,9.25,1.40～1.45,5.54,15.61,2.60,15.52,17.69,16.97,0.02,14.87,1.45～1.50,2.88,20.66,1.01,20.01,11.84,21.56,0.21,19.99,1.50～1.60,2.03,27.38,0.21,24.95,13.48,28.81,0.27,30.55,1.60～1.80,2.67,40.80,0.01,34.90,9.17,39.12,0.81,39.47,1.80～2.00,0.85,55.14,0.00,0.00,1.54,53.35,1.98,53.66,+2.00,27.97,89.57,0.00,0.00,4.30,81.18,96.59,88.12,合計,100.00,33.47,100.00,7.48,100.00,21.34,100.00,86.64,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,,補(bǔ)充：,,GB/T 15715-2005,煤用重選設(shè)備工藝性能評定方法,,評定重選設(shè)備工藝性能的指標(biāo)：,1,）給料速度（,t/h),；,2,）可能偏差或不完善度；,3,）數(shù)量效率；,4,）灰分誤差；,5,）總錯配物含量；,6,）鄰近密度物。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,,例,2-5,,（,1,）計算產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率,產(chǎn)品實際產(chǎn)率采用格氏法或污染指標(biāo)法，求得：,,γj = 51.26%,，,,γz =20.70%,，,,γg =28.04%,。,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,,例,2-5,,（,2,）計算分配率和均方差，繪制分配曲線，確定,δ,p,、,E,和,I,。,均方差按下式計算：,,,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,表,2-25,分配率計算及均方差,,,密度級,,/kg?L,－,1,產(chǎn)品占入料,,/%,,,計算入料,,G,C,OJ,離差,,G,C,OJ,- G,OJ,,離差方,,(G,C,OJ,- G,OJ,),2,,平均密度,,/kg?L,-1,分配率,,/%,,,精煤,中煤,矸石,,,,,第一段,第二段,（,1）,γ,j,×（,4）,γ,z,×（,6）,γ,g,×（,8）,(20)+(21)+(22),(23)－(2),(24),×,(24),,(22),÷,(23),(21),÷,[(20)+(21)],（,19）,（,20）,（,21）,（,22）,（,23）,（,24）,（,25）,（,26）,（,27）,（,28）,－,1.30,16.55,2.90,0.01,19.46,－,0.15,0.02,1.25,0.05,14.91,1.30-1.40,32.74,5.79,0.02,38.56,0.11,0.01,1.32,0.05,15.03,1.40-1.45,1.33,3.66,0.01,5.00,－,0.54,0.29,1.42,0.20,73.35,1.45-1.50,0.52,2.45,0.06,3.03,0.15,0.02,1.47,1.98,82.49,1.50-1.60,0.11,2.79,0.08,2.97,0.94,0.89,1.54,2.69,96.21,1.60-1.80,0.01,1.90,0.23,2.13,－,0.54,0.29,1.67,10.79,99.48,1.80-2.00,0.00,0.32,0.56,0.87,0.02,0.00,1.89,64.37,100.00,+2.00,0.00,0.89,27.08,27.98,0.01,0.00,2.29,96.78,100.00,合計,51.26,20.70,28.04,100.00,0.00,1.53,,,,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,,例,2-5,,（,2,）計算分配率和均方差，繪制分配曲線，確定,δ,p,、,E,和,I,。,均方差為：,,,,＜,1.4,計算結(jié)果有效。,,,,,,＜,1.4,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,,例,2-5,,（,3,）繪入料的可選性曲線，計算,數(shù)量效率、灰分誤差、鄰近密度物。,,,,＜,1.4,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,表,2-26,計算入料的生成,,,密度級,/kg?L,－,1,精煤,,/%,,中煤,,/%,,矸石,,/%,,計算入料,,/%,,,產(chǎn)率,灰分,產(chǎn)率,灰分,產(chǎn)率,灰分,產(chǎn)率,灰分,（,1）,(20),(5),(21),(7),(22),(9),(30)+(32)+(34),[(30),×,(31)+(32),×,(33)+(34),×,(35)],÷,(36),（,29）,（,30）,（,31）,（,32）,（,33）,（,34）,（,35）,（,36）,（,37）,－,1.30,16.55,6.77,2.90,8.20,0.01,8.00,19.46,6.98,1.30-1.40,32.74,7.25,5.79,10.20,0.02,9.25,38.56,7.69,1.40-1.45,1.33,15.52,3.66,16.97,0.01,14.87,5.00,16.58,1.45-1.50,0.52,20.01,2.45,21.56,0.06,19.99,3.03,21.26,1.50-1.60,0.11,24.95,2.79,28.81,0.08,30.55,2.97,28.71,1.60-1.80,0.01,34.90,1.90,39.12,0.23,39.47,2.13,39.15,1.80-2.00,0.00,0.00,0.32,53.35,0.56,53.66,0.87,53.55,+2.00,0.00,0.00,0.89,81.18,27.08,88.12,27.98,87.90,合計,51.26,7.48,20.70,21.34,28.04,86.64,100.00,32.55,第四節(jié) 選煤產(chǎn)品的污染及損失指標(biāo),選煤生產(chǎn)技術(shù)管理基本概念,,,表,2-27,計算入料的可選性,,,密度級,/kg?L,－,1,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分,,/%,密度,,/kg?L,-1,浮物累計,,,沉物累計,,,,,,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分量,,/%,灰分,,/%,產(chǎn)率,,/%,灰分,,/%,－,1.30,19.46,6.98,1.30,19.46,1.36,6.98,100.00,32.55,1.30-1.40,38.56,7.69,1.40,58.02,4.33,7.46,80.55,38.72,1.40-1.45,5.00,16.58,1.45,63.01,5.15,8.18,41.99,67.22,1.45-1.50,3.03,21.26,1.50,66.04,5.80,8.78,36.99,74.06,1.50-1.60,2.97,28.71,1.60,69.02,6.65,9.64,33.96,78.77,1.60-1.80,2.13,39.15,1.80,71.15,7.49,10.52,30.99,83.58,1.80-2.00,0.87,53.55,2.00,72.03,7.95,11.04,28.86,86.