2024湖南省中考英語真題[含答案]

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1、2024年湖南省中考英語試卷 第二部分, 閱讀理解。第一節(jié), 閱讀下列材料, 從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 1． (6分) COMMUNITY NOTICEBOARD Volunteers Needed Library Helpers Wanted Book lovers read stories to children every Sunday in July. Please fill in a form online. For more information, visit the website www. hnlibrary. com.

2、 Help for Old People Help at the old people’s home. Dance or sing well. Free in September. E-mail Anna at hnzk@gfimail. com. Cleaners and Gardeners Volunteers are needed for cleaning and gardening at Rose Garden. Good at taking care of plants. Work from 7 a. m. to noon on Augu

3、st 5th and 6th. Call Mr. Walker at 555-5694. 1. How can you get more information to volunteer in the library? A. Visit its website. B. E-mail Anna. C. Call Mr. Walker. 2. Where can volunteers help in September? A. In the library. B. At Rose Garden. C. At the old people’s home. 3.

4、 What should you be good at if you want to volunteer at Rose Garden? A. Reading stories. B. Dancing and singing. C. Taking care of plants. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文是社區(qū)公告板上招募志愿者的廣告，需要圖書館助手、老年人之家的幫手以及花園清潔和園藝志愿者。 【1題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一框中“For more information, visit the website www. hnlib

5、rary. com.”可知，你可以通過訪問其網(wǎng)站得到更多關(guān)于圖書館志愿者的信息。故選A。 【2題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二框中“Help at the old people’s home. Dance or sing well. Free in September.”可知，9月份有空的志愿者可以去老人之家?guī)兔?。故選C。 【3題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三框中“Volunteers are needed for cleaning and gardening at Rose Garden. Good at taking care of plants.”可知，如果你想去玫瑰園做志愿者，你應(yīng)

6、該擅長(zhǎng)照顧植物。故選C。 Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins (寬吻海豚) can. When they sleep, only half of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about two hours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep.

7、Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish—they are mammals (哺乳動(dòng)物). These mammals have lungs (肺). And they don’t have gills (腮) like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface of the water to get air into their lungs. Dolphins don’t

8、 lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers. Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people out of water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But their cle

9、verness doesn’t end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interesting fishing skills. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is mak

10、ing which sound. Another thing that shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror (鏡子) and check different parts of their body in it. 4. Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A. To stay safe. B. To sleep for two hours. C. To swim faster. 5. What can we l

11、earn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A. They use gills to get air. B. They are warm-blooded. C. They lay eggs like fish. 6. How do dolphins talk to each other? A. By learning fishing skills. B. By using different sounds. C. By checking their bodies. 7. Which part of a magazine may the passa

12、ge be taken from? A. Art. B. Health. C. Nature. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了海豚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)。 【4題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They sleep with one eye open to stay safe.”可知，海豚睡覺時(shí)睜著一只眼睛是為了保證安全。故選A。 【5題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface of the water to get air int

13、o their lungs.”可知，海豚是溫血?jiǎng)游铩９蔬xB。 【6題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“They use different sounds to talk to each other.”可知，海豚通過使用不同的聲音互相交談。故選B。 【7題詳解】 推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了海豚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)，故推測(cè)這篇文章可能選自雜志的自然界版塊。故選C。 Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearing loss if the

14、volume (音量) is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise. Do you know how we hear? There are cells (紅胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can’t see them with our eyes. “We call them hair cells,” Jackie Clark said.

15、“They look like hairs standing up.” Clark is a scientist at the University of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but it can make the hair cells move back and forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage (損傷) these cells. And once the cells are damaged, the

16、y don’t grow back. Sometimes there’s tinnitus. “It’s like someone is playing a note on the flute (長(zhǎng)笛) for a long time,” Clark says. It shows we’re losing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That’s why it’s necessary to protect our ears. How can we pro

17、tect our ears? We’d better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn’t hear noise from our headphones. “If I can hear what you’re listening to when you’re wearing your headphones,” Clark says, “it’s too loud.” To protect our

18、ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 8. What can we know about hair cells? A. They help us hear. B. They look like hairs lying down. C. They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 9. What does the underlined word “tinnitus” mean in Paragraph 3? A. A musical voice. B. A kind of instrume

19、nt. C. Ringing in ears. 10. What’s the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To give advice. B. To show problems. C. To explain reasons. 11. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B. When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C. After

20、using a headphone, check your ears. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了耳機(jī)很有用，但是它也會(huì)導(dǎo)致聽力喪失，所以文章建議我們要合理使用耳機(jī)。 【8題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“There are cells (細(xì)胞) inside the ears that help us hear. We can’t see them with our eyes. ‘We call them hair cells,’ Jackie Clark said.”可知，毛細(xì)胞幫助我們聽到聲音。故選A。 【

21、9題詳解】 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“‘It’s like someone is playing a note on the flute (長(zhǎng)笛) for a long time,’ Clark says.”可知，這就像有人在笛子上很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間吹一個(gè)音符，即耳朵有時(shí)有耳鳴現(xiàn)象。故推測(cè)劃線單詞應(yīng)該是“耳鳴”的意思。故選C。 【10題詳解】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)“How can we protect our ears? We’d better keep the value volume low when we use our headphones.”可知，此段主要給出了使用耳機(jī)的建議。故選A。 【11題詳

22、解】 主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)“How can we protect our ears? We’d better keep the value volume low when we use our headphones.”可知，本文主要講了為了保護(hù)我們的耳朵，使用耳機(jī)時(shí)最好把音量調(diào)小。故選B。 What can you do when you don’t want to do homework? You know it has to be done, but it’s the last thing youwant to do. How can you deal with the prob

23、lem? ____12____ Set goals (目標(biāo)) for yourself, Your goals don't have to be big. In fact, the smaller, the better. Start by settinggoals you can reach easily. Take a plan and write it down. ____13____ Because something about the written words makes it harder to forget. Once you write it down, its eas

24、ier to carry it out. ____14____ Do it first because it needs a fresh mind. You often dislike it if you find your homeworkdifficult. But if you try your best and finish it, you’ll have a sense of achievement. Use rewards (獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)) to mark your progress. If you have completed part of your homework, you c

25、ould take abreak. ____15____ Or you could even “allow” yourself to go to a movie on Friday. Ask your parents for help. If you don’t ask, your parents will never know what trouble you have. So theywon’t be able to give you helpful advice. These suggestions above could work on you. Try them out. It’

26、s time to take action now. A. How can you make a plan? B. Do difficult homework first. C. Why should you write it down? D. Here is some advice to help you. E. You could also eat something you like. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. E 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了針對(duì)不想做作業(yè)問題而提出的幾個(gè)建議。 【12題詳解】 根據(jù)上文“How can

27、you deal with the problem?”和下文“Set goals for yourself、Take a plan and write it down、Use rewards to mark your progress.”可知說的是處理不想做作業(yè)問題的建議，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)“這里有一些建議可以幫助你?！迸c之相符。故選D。 【13題詳解】 根據(jù)上文“Take a plan and write it down.”和下文Because something about the written words makes it harder to forget.”可知，介紹了記在計(jì)劃的原

28、因，故空處會(huì)詢問為什么要寫下來，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)知，C選項(xiàng)“你為什么要寫下來？”與之相符。故選C。 【14題詳解】 根據(jù)下文“You often dislike it if you find your homework difficult.”可知說的是不喜歡難的家庭作業(yè)，故空處與家庭作業(yè)相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)“先做難的作業(yè)?！迸c之相符。故選B。 【15題詳解】 根據(jù)上文“Use rewards (獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)) to mark your progress.”可知，用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來標(biāo)記你的進(jìn)步?？芍f的是使用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，E選項(xiàng)“你也可以吃你喜歡的東西?！迸c之相符。故選E。 第三部分, 語言運(yùn)用。第一節(jié)

29、, As a child, I was quite active. I was running around and getting hurt almost every day. My mom was ____16____. A neighbor advised me to learn to fish. I liked the ____17____, but my mom said no. She thought it was ____18____ to get close to any body of water. At last, my mom got another idea.

30、Every day, she made me sit at the desk and ____19____ for an hour. I hated reading and cried a lot. Then, my ____20____, a school teacher, came to help. He led me to my desk and told me to ____21____ one book. “Read just twenty pages. If you still feel bored after that, just put it down and choose a

31、nother one,” he said. I started with The Emperor’s New Clothes. After I read twenty ____22____ as my uncle suggested, I was rolling (打滾) on the floor laughing. What a stupid emperor! Next, I read more books. As time went on, I was able to ____23____ understand the stories. So I started reading lon

32、ger and more serious books. I fell in love with Journey to the West. My mom said I should spend more time playing outside. But I didn’t want to ____24____ the book. To this day, I make time to read every day. If you haven’t yet experienced the fun of reading, take my uncle’s advice and find the “_

33、___25____” books. They’ll give you enjoyment, teach you something new and even change your life. 16. A. bored B. surprised C. worried 17. A. idea B. rule C. truth 18. A. helpful B. dangerous C. necessary 19. A. draw B. write C. read 20. A. uncle B. father C. neighbor 21. A. describe B. pick C

34、. borrow 22. A. words B. lines C. pages 23. A. hardly B. easily C. wrongly 24. A. put down B. give away C. look through 25. A. long B. serious C. right 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者總是因?yàn)樘钴S而造成了一些問題，媽媽把閱讀作為治療作者的方法，后

35、來作者逐漸找到了閱讀的樂趣。 【16題詳解】 句意：我媽媽很擔(dān)心。 bored無聊的；surprised驚訝的；worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)“I was running around and getting hurt almost every day.”可知作者每天幾乎都會(huì)受傷，媽媽很擔(dān)心。故選C。 【17題詳解】 句意：我喜歡這個(gè)主意，但我媽媽不同意。 idea主意；rule規(guī)則；truth真相。根據(jù)“A neighbor advised me to learn to fish. ”可知，作者喜歡釣魚這個(gè)主意。故選A。 【18題詳解】 句意：她認(rèn)為靠近水邊是危險(xiǎn)的。 help

36、ful有幫助的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；necessary有必要的。根據(jù)“my mom said no”可知，她認(rèn)為是危險(xiǎn)的。故選B。 【19題詳解】 句意：每天她讓我坐在桌旁讀一小時(shí)書。 draw畫；write寫；read讀。根據(jù)“I hated reading”可知，此處指讀書。故選C。 【20題詳解】 句意：然后我的叔叔，一位教師來幫助我。 uncle叔叔；father父親；neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)“as my uncle suggested”可知，此處指叔叔。故選A。 【21題詳解】 句意：他把我?guī)У阶琅?，讓我挑選一本書。 describe描述；pick挑選；bo

37、rrow借。根據(jù)“He led me to my desk and told me”可知，他讓作者挑一本書讀。故選B。 【22題詳解】 句意：當(dāng)我像我叔叔建議的那樣讀完20頁之后，我笑得在地上打滾。 words詞；lines線；pages頁。根據(jù)“Read just twenty pages.”可知，此處指頁碼。故選C。 【23題詳解】 句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，我可以很容易地理解故事內(nèi)容。 hardly幾乎不；easily容易地；wrongly錯(cuò)誤地。根據(jù)“So I started reading longer and more serious books.”可知，我可以很容易地讀懂

38、故事。故選B。 【24題詳解】 句意：但我不想放下書。 put down放下；give away贈(zèng)送；look through瀏覽。根據(jù)But表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，作者不想放下書出去玩。故選A。 【25題詳解】 句意：如果你還沒有體會(huì)到讀書的樂趣，采納我叔叔的建議，找到合適的書閱讀。 long長(zhǎng)的；serious嚴(yán)肅的；right合適的。根據(jù)“take my uncle’s advice and find”可知此處指找到適合自己的書去閱讀。故選C。 I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working her

39、e as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very ____26____ (friend), and hard-working. I started by washing dishes when I was only 18. I worked hard, and soon became ____27____ waiter. Simon, who was head chef (主廚) then, began to show ____28____ (I) how to cook. I loved it so much and I ___

40、_29____ (go) to college to learn more. When Simon left the restaurant, I became head chef. At the time all the food was traditional. The quality (品質(zhì)) was good, but I wanted to do something different, so I decided ____30____ (have) a different menu. Now we serve food from all over the country. There

41、 are many markets and food shops here. I can ____31____ (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. I use a lot of natural food. Some people think it is not so delicious, ____32____ I don’t agree. Well-prepared natural food has a ____33____ (good) taste than fast food. Our food is healthy and most cust

42、omers love it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many ____34____ (kind) of music. There’s also a special menu ____35____ children on Saturdays and that’s when we serve traditional food. 【答案】26. friendly 27. a 28. me 29. went 30. to have 31

43、. usually 32. but 33. better 34. kinds 35. for 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了作者在家鄉(xiāng)一家非常受歡迎的餐廳工作的經(jīng)歷。 【26題詳解】 句意：這里的人都很友好而且辛勤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，作表語，friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly。 【27題詳解】 句意：我努力工作，很快就成為一名服務(wù)員。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示泛指的一名服務(wù)員，使用不定冠詞；waiter以輔音音素開頭，使用不定冠詞a。故填a。 【28題詳解】 句意：西蒙，那時(shí)是主廚，開始教我如何做飯。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可

44、知，空處使用人稱代詞賓格，作賓語。故填me。 【29題詳解】 句意：我非常喜歡它，我去大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)更多。根據(jù)空前的“l(fā)oved”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，此處使用過去式形式。故填went。 【30題詳解】 句意：質(zhì)量很好，但我想做一些不同的東西，所以我決定有一個(gè)不同的菜單。decide to do sth.“決定做某事”，固定詞組。故填to have。 【31題詳解】 句意：我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語。故填usually。 【32題詳解】 句意：有些人認(rèn)為它不好吃，但我不同意。根據(jù)空前后的句意可知，此處句意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，but“但是”符合

45、。故填but。 【33題詳解】 句意：精心準(zhǔn)備的天然食品比快餐更美味。根據(jù)空后的“than”可知，此處使用比較級(jí)形式。故填better。 【34題詳解】 句意：在周末我們播放許多種音樂。根據(jù)空前的“many”可知，此處使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填kinds。 【35題詳解】 句意：星期六我們還為孩子們提供特別菜單，那時(shí)我們供應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)食物。根據(jù)“There’s also a special menu…children on Saturdays”的句意可知，此處指為孩子們提供特別菜單，for“為了”符合。故填for。 第四部分, 綜合技能。第一節(jié), “Though I was born wi

46、th half a left arm, I don’t think I’m unlucky,” said Ms Yang, a 35-year-old woman from a small village in Hunan. She’s a successful Xiang embroidery (湘繡) artist. Now she runs a Xiang embroidery store. She lived a hard life for many years. Luckily, her whole family supported her. After college she ap

47、plied for (申請(qǐng)) over 200 jobs but was turned down again and again. She tried to start her own business but failed with all her money lost. Then she turned to Xiang embroidery. Ms Yang’s interest in Xiang embroidery began when she was a child. She learned some of the basics from a neighbor. After run

48、ning the store, she took many training courses, including a three-year course at Tsinghua University. She kept developing her skills, saying that her disability wouldn’t stop her. In 2014, her business finally started making money. Then she tried to do something for society. Xiang embroidery has a h

49、istory of over 2,000 years. As Xiang embroidery is one of the four best-known styles (風(fēng)格) of embroidery in China, she hopes to spread its culture and make more people learn about it. By offering free lessons, Ms Yang helps lots of people, including many disabled ones. Ms Yang’s story is encouragin

50、g. It shows how important strong wills and interests are. When we face difficulties, we should never give up. Just as a saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” 36. Where is Ms Yang from? ______________________________________________________ 37. How long is the history of Xiang embr

51、oidery? ______________________________________________________ 38. How does Ms Yang help people? ______________________________________________________ 39. Do you want to learn Xiang embroidery this summer holiday? Why or why not? ______________________________________________________ 40. 將短文中

52、畫線句子翻譯成中文。 ______________________________________________________ 【答案】36. She is from a small village in Hunan, China. 37. It has a history of over 2,000 years. 38. She helps people by offering free lessons. 39. Yes, I do. Because learning Xiang embroidery could be a great way to ap

53、preciate traditional Chinese art and culture. 40. 當(dāng)我們面對(duì)困難時(shí)，我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該放棄。 【解析】 【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了楊女士和湘繡之間的故事。 【36題詳解】 根據(jù)“...said Ms Yang, a 35-year-old woman from a small village in Hunan.”可知，楊女士來自中國湖南省一個(gè)小村莊。故填She is from a small village in Hunan, China. 【37題詳解】 根據(jù)“Xiang embroidery has a hist

54、ory of over 2,000 years.”可知，湘繡有著兩千多年的歷史。故填I(lǐng)t has a history of over 2,000 years. 【38題詳解】 根據(jù)“By offering free lessons, Ms Yang helps lots of people, including many disabled ones.”可知，她通過提供免費(fèi)課程幫助了許多人。故填She helps people by offering free lessons. 【39題詳解】 根據(jù)題目要求可知，本題應(yīng)回答是否想要在暑假學(xué)習(xí)湘繡以及原因，可回答：我想學(xué)習(xí)刺繡，因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)湘繡

55、是欣賞中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和文化的好方法。故填Yes, I do. Because learning Xiang embroidery could be a great way to appreciate traditional Chinese art and culture. 【40題詳解】 分析劃線句子可知，本句為when“在……時(shí)候”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句；we“我們”作從句主語；face“面對(duì)”為謂語動(dòng)詞；difficulties“困難”作賓語；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should表示“應(yīng)該”；never“絕不”；動(dòng)詞短語give up表示“放棄”。故填：當(dāng)我們面對(duì)困難時(shí)，我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該放棄。 第二節(jié), 寫

56、作。 41. 英語課上老師要求以“Sports make us better”為話題開展三人一組的討論。假定你是李華，將代表小組在全班發(fā)言，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下信息寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括： 1. 介紹你們各自喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)； 2. 談?wù)勥\(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)你們的影響。 注意： 1. 文中不得出現(xiàn)人名和校名等真實(shí)信息； 2. 寫作詞數(shù)為80左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Hello, everyone, I’m Li Hua from Group One. ____________________________________________________________________

57、____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

58、__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s a

59、ll. Thank you. 【答案】例文 Hello, everyone, I’m Li Hua from Group One. Below, on behalf of our group, I will report on our discussion. Cindy’s favorite sport is volleyball. She often plays volleyball with her friends. By playing volleyball, she has become more confident and healthy. Frank loves riding

60、 a bicycle best. By riding a bicycle, his body has become stronger and stronger. I like playing basketball. If I have time, I often go to the park to play basketball with my friends on weekends. Playing basketball has taught me the spirit of teamwork and never giving up. That’s all. Thank you. 【解

61、析】 【詳解】[總體分析] ①題材：本文是一篇講稿； ②時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主； ③提示：寫作要點(diǎn)已給出，考生注意不要遺漏要點(diǎn)，并適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，突出重點(diǎn)。 [寫作步驟] 第一步，引出話題介紹組內(nèi)交流結(jié)果； 第二步，細(xì)節(jié)介紹組員們喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)以及運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來的影響。 [亮點(diǎn)詞匯] ①on behalf of代表 ②stronger and stronger越來越強(qiáng)壯 ③give up放棄 [高分句型] ①If I have time, I will go to the park to play basketball with my friends on weekends.（條件狀語從句） 13 / 13